COSTING

Unit 1: Cost of Materials

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⏱️ 40 Hours 🎯 20 Marks

A: Storing of Materials

  • πŸ“‹
    Bin Card
    • Definition and Necessity
  • πŸ“Š
    Stores Ledger
    • Definition and Necessity
  • 🏒
    Types of Stores
    • Centralized Stores
    • Decentralized Stores

B: Materials Control

  • 🎯
    Necessity of Material Control
  • πŸ“ˆ
    Fixation of Stock Levels of Materials
    • Re-order Stock Level
    • Maximum Stock Level
    • Minimum Stock Level
    • Average Stock Level
    • Danger Stock Level
    • (with Simple Practical Problems)
  • πŸ”’
    Fixation of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
    • Definition and Advantages of EOQ
    • Simple Problems on Determination of EOQ (with the help of formula)

C: Methods of Pricing Materials

  • πŸ’°
    Methods of Pricing Materials issued from Stores and Preparation of Stores Ledger Accounts
    • FIFO Method (First In, First Out)
    • LIFO Method (Last In, First Out)
    • Simple Average Method
    • Weighted Average Method
  • βš–οΈ
    Advantages and Limitations
    • Advantages and Limitations of FIFO Method
    • Advantages and Limitations of LIFO Method
    • Advantages and Limitations of Simple Average Method
    • Advantages and Limitations of Weighted Average Method

TAXATION

Unit 2: Agricultural Income

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⏱️ 10 Hours 🎯 5 Marks
  • πŸ“–
    Definition of Agricultural Income
  • 🍡
    Taxability of Income
    • Income from sale of tea grown and manufactured in India
    • Income from sale of coffee grown and manufactured in India
  • 🌾
    Common Instances
    • Very common instances of agricultural income
    • Very common instances of non-agricultural incomes

Unit 3: Income under the head "Salaries"

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⏱️ 30 Hours 🎯 15 Marks

A: Basis of Charge and Allowances

  • πŸ“œ
    Basis of charge (Section 15)
  • βœ…
    Essential norms of salary income
  • πŸ’΅
    Allowances
    • Basic Salary
    • Dearness Allowance
    • City Compensatory Allowance
    • House Rent Allowance [Section 10(13A)]
    • Medical Allowance
    • Bonus
    • Children Education Allowance
    • Transport Allowance

B: Perquisites [Section 17(2)]

  • 🏠
    Valuation of Accommodation
    • Valuation of rent free unfurnished accommodation provided to:
      • (i) Central and State Government Employee
      • (ii) Private Sector Employees [Rule 3(1)]
    • Valuation of rent free furnished accommodation
  • πŸŽ“
    Valuation of Education Perquisites
    • (i) Free education to employee's children
    • (ii) Payment of school fees by the employer
    • (iii) Education facility in employee's institute
  • πŸ†“
    Tax Free Perquisites
    • Very common examples of tax free perquisites
  • βž–
    Deductions
    • Deduction for professional tax or tax on employment [Section 16(iii)]

PROJECT WORK

Full Marks: 20

Choose any ONE of the following project topics:

1

Visit any manufacturing firm, collect real data and prepare a detailed Cost Sheet.

2

Visit any production unit, collect necessary data regarding raw materials of a particular commodity, prepare Bin Card and Stores Ledger.

3

Visit any production unit, collect necessary data regarding raw materials of a particular commodity, calculate Economic Order Quantity / Re-order Quantity for each and every raw material.

4

Collect data from any relative, who is a salaried person and compute his / her income from salary [excluding perquisites].

5

Visit any agricultural farm, collect data and prepare agricultural income and total income.

6

Meet ten individual persons, collect different information related to staying in India and abroad. Comment on Residential Status and their tax incidence.